In the early digital era, logic gates were made exclusively of transistors and discrete components. The obvious occupation of a large space and increased heat dissipation pushed technology to ...

Analog vs. Digital: What’s the Difference? Air temperature, sound loudness,light intensity—in nature, all of these quantities vary smoothly and continuously over a range. Such quantities is called ...

Fig 1. A typical CMOS input circuit comprises a “P” and “N” transistor. One is fully “on” for logic high, and the other is “on” for a logic low. Fig 2. When a CMOS input pin is at logic high or low ...

In recent years, gallium nitride (GaN) has emerged as a compelling candidate to complement the silicon material used in wireless communication and power conversion applications. Benefits of GaN ...

Diamond CMOS needs symmetrical doping control like we have for semiconductor silicon and diamond n-MOS is needed. The n-channel diamond MOSFETs are demonstrated. This work will enable the development ...

Low-power high-speed CMOS comparators and analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) play a pivotal role in modern electronics, from data-intensive computing systems to precision biomedical instrumentation.

Digital transition switching is the primary cause of noise in mixed-signal devices. Signal noise and immunity to power, ground, and substrate noise all benefit from using differential circuits. Design ...

With the advent of quantum computing, the need for peripheral fault-tolerant logic control circuitry has reached new heights. In classical computation, the unit of information is a “1” or “0”. In ...